Guides to choosing industrial water treatment · Page 3
Compare technologies, prepare project data and assess investment. Practical answers on reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, ceramic membranes and nanobubbles.
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Ceramic membranes
Ceramic modules: validating seals for aggressive fluids
Validate seals, housings, connections and ceramic membranes against the real fluid. Define exposure trials, thermal cycles and procurement acceptance criteria.
Read articleCeramic membranesCeramic concentration: VCF, recovery and viscosity
Calculate ceramic membrane volume concentration factor and distinguish it from solute enrichment. Include viscosity, hold-up and losses in the balance.
Read articleCeramic membranesCeramic crossflow velocity: flux versus energy
Calculate velocity in ceramic channels and compare sustainable permeate output with recirculation energy. Distinguish fresh feed from internal loop flow.
Read articleCeramic membranesCeramic membrane fouling: diagnose before cleaning
Distinguish organic, mineral and oil deposits on ceramic membranes. Prepare samples and recovery tests without applying one universal cleaning recipe.
Read articleCeramic membranesRecovering CIP caustic with ceramic membranes
Assess ceramic filtration of CIP caustic through useful alkalinity, soil, salts, cleaning quality and the mass balance of recovered cleaning chemical.
Read articleDesign and costs
Condensate recovery: when to assess membranes
Separate clean and contaminated condensate. What to measure, how to detect process ingress and when to assess UF, ceramics or RO alongside heat recovery.
Read articleDesign and costsBoiler feedwater: hardness, silica and reverse osmosis
What to analyse when selecting RO for boilers: hardness, silica, conductivity, condensate return and quality requirements for pressure and steam use.
Read articleDesign and costsMembrane life-cycle cost: present-value comparison
Compare investment, energy, cleaning and replacement using present value. A discounting example and scenarios for evaluating membrane plants on common terms.
Read articleDesign and costskWh/m³ in water treatment: comparing energy use
Calculate specific energy using net water output and clear boundaries: pumping, cleaning, air, oxygen and standby periods when comparing water plants.
Read articleDesign and costsN+1 redundancy or storage for industrial water
Compare standby treatment trains and water storage: usable autonomy, capacity with one train offline, shared auxiliaries and recovery after a failure.
Read articleDesign and costsMembrane skid P&ID: valves and instrumentation
Review an RO or UF P&ID: flow and pressure measurement, isolation, sampling, cleaning and plant interfaces for a maintainable industrial membrane skid.
Read articleDesign and costsBOD₅ and COD: interpreting biodegradability
Use the BOD₅/COD ratio carefully: total and soluble fractions, inhibition, nitrification and the tests needed before choosing biological treatment or membranes.
Read articleDesign and costsConductivity and TDS: choosing a conversion factor
Distinguish conductivity from total dissolved solids. Check the TDS/EC factor, temperature compensation and the information needed for industrial RO design.
Read articleDesign and costsHow to sample wastewater for membrane design
Plan representative samples for UF or RO selection: grab or composite sampling, production variation, preservation and the information your laboratory needs.
Read articleReverse osmosis and reuse
When to clean reverse osmosis membranes
Use normalised output, salt passage and differential pressure to assess RO cleaning. Separate deposits from operating changes and membrane damage.
Read articleReverse osmosis and reuseEnergy recovery for seawater RO desalination
Assess an energy recovery device for seawater reverse osmosis using brine flow, pressure, specific energy consumption and installed cost.
Read articleUF and concentration
Does UF remove ammonium from digestate?
Separate solids, organic nitrogen and ammonium targets in digestate treatment. A nitrogen balance for integrating UltraFlux™, RO and further treatment.
Read articleUF and concentrationGross and net UF flow: sizing useful production
Calculate useful UF output after backwash, CEB and CIP losses. A daily balance for comparing quotations and supplying reverse osmosis.
Read articleGet a proposal for your project.
Tell us what you need to solve and which water you treat. Start with the information you have.
We will review the application and explain the solution we can supply or the information needed to assess it.
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